Use of Modal Verbs
Modal verbs are special helping verbs that show ability, possibility, necessity, or permission. They add important context and meaning to your sentences.
What Are Modal Verbs?
Common modal verbs include can, could, may, might, must, shall, should, will, and would. They are always used with a main verb.
Structure: Subject + Modal Verb + Base Verb + ...
Example: She (subject) can (modal) speak (base verb) English.
Modal Verbs and Their Functions
| Modal Verb | Primary Function | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Can / Could | Ability, permission, or possibility. | She can play the piano. / Could you help me, please? |
| May / Might | Permission (formal) or possibility. | May I come in? / It might rain later. |
| Must | Strong obligation or logical certainty. | You must wear a helmet. / He isn't here; he must be sick. |
| Shall / Should | Suggestion, advice, or mild obligation. | Shall we go? / You should rest. |
| Will / Would | Future action, intention, or polite request. | I will call you. / Would you like some tea? |
| Ought to | Moral duty or strong advice (similar to "should"). | We ought to respect our elders. |
Key Rules for Using Modal Verbs
- They are always followed by the base form of a verb (e.g., "go," not "goes" or "to go").
- They do not change form for the subject (no "-s" for he/she/it).
- To make a negative, add "not" after the modal verb (e.g., "cannot," "should not").
- To ask a question, move the modal verb before the subject (e.g., "Can you...?").
Important!
Unlike other verbs, modal verbs do not change their form. There is no "-s", "-ed", or "-ing" ending.
- Incorrect: He cans swim.
- Correct: He can swim.