Reporting Verbs: Say, Tell, & Ask
In indirect (or reported) speech, reporting verbs like "say," "tell," and "ask" are used to introduce what someone else has said without using direct quotations.
Comparing Say, Tell, and Ask
Understanding the difference is key to using them correctly.
| Verb | Primary Usage | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Say | Used for general statements when the listener is not mentioned. | He said (that) he was tired. Incorrect: He said me he was tired. |
| Tell | Used when you specify who is being spoken to (requires an object). | She told me that she would be late. Incorrect: She told that she would be late. |
| Ask | Used to report questions or polite requests. | They asked if I needed help. |
Using "Ask" for Questions and Requests
"Ask" is versatile and changes structure depending on the type of question.
| Type | Structure & Example |
|---|---|
| Yes/No Questions | ask + if/whether + clause Direct: "Are you ready?" → Indirect: He asked if I was ready. |
| WH- Questions | ask + wh-word + clause Direct: "Where is the station?" → Indirect: She asked where the station was. |
| Requests | ask + object + to + verb Direct: "Please close the door." → Indirect: He asked me to close the door. |
Remember the "Backshift" Rule
Example: She said, “I will call you tomorrow.” → She said she would call me the next day.